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The term that refers specifically to a surgical procedure to remove fluid from the pericardial sac is pericardiocentesis. This procedure involves inserting a needle through the chest wall and into the pericardial sac, allowing for the drainage of excess fluid that may be causing pressure on the heart. This is often done in cases of pericardial effusion, where fluid accumulates in the pericardial space, potentially leading to compromised heart function.

In contrast, thoracotomy refers to a surgical incision into the chest wall, which allows access to internal thoracic structures but does not specifically aim to remove fluid from the pericardial sac. Pericardiotomy involves creating an opening in the pericardium, usually for therapeutic purposes or to better visualize the area, but it is not primarily focused on fluid removal in the same way. Pericardiectomy refers to the surgical removal of the pericardium itself, which is a more invasive procedure and typically not indicated for fluid removal. Hence, pericardiocentesis is the correct term that accurately describes the procedure for fluid drainage from the pericardial sac.